General-purpose AI · Art. 3(63) · Ch. V
EU AI Act — General-purpose AI (GPAI)
You place a general-purpose AI model on the Union market — an AI model trained with large-scale self-supervision capable of performing a wide range of distinct tasks.
Key obligations apply from
2 August 2025
Risk tier
gpai
Full AI Act applies by Aug 2027 for remaining Annex I scope
Scope notes: GPAI obligations apply from Aug 2025: technical documentation, copyright policy, training summary, and for systemic-risk models (>10²⁵ FLOPs) — model evaluation, adversarial testing, and incident reporting. Codes of practice offer a compliance pathway.
First steps before 2 August 2025
- 1Assess whether your model qualifies as GPAI under Art. 3(63)
- 2Register in the EU database and publish training summary
- 3For systemic-risk models: implement evaluation, testing, and cybersecurity measures
- 4Consider adherence to the AI Office GPAI Code of Practice
Who supervises you?
Market surveillance authorities in each Member State enforce the AI Act. The European AI Office supports coordination, GPAI oversight, and cross-border cases.
AI Act implementation & AI OfficePriority mandates for you
3 instrumentsEU database registration — GPAI models
Registration requirements and template for GPAI models in the EU database — including training compute and modality information.
Why it matters: Mandatory for all GPAI providers — registration is live via the AI Act Service Desk.
View on mapCodes of practice for general-purpose AI models
AI Office-facilitated codes of practice for GPAI providers — copyright, transparency, systemic risk mitigation for models above 10²⁵ FLOPs.
Why it matters: GPAI providers can demonstrate compliance through approved codes instead of (or alongside) direct Art. 53 obligations.
View on mapCommon specifications for GPAI model obligations
Common specifications where harmonised standards for GPAI transparency and copyright policy are insufficient.
Why it matters: Fallback conformity route for GPAI when cited standards do not cover your model architecture or training pipeline.
View on mapThis page is an independent orientation guide — not legal advice. National implementation and sector-specific rules may apply. Always verify scope against the official AI Act text and your supervisor.